Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

Precision in Motion: Exploring Robotic-Assisted Hip Surgery

What is Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery?

Robotic-assisted hip surgery stands as a revolutionary technique in orthopedic surgery, providing patients with a minimally invasive approach to repairing and replacing damaged hip joints. This innovative procedure employs a sophisticated robotic system, controlled by the surgeon, to precisely remove damaged sections of the hip joint and seamlessly insert artificial prostheses or implants. By melding robotic precision with surgical expertise, this approach aims to enhance surgical outcomes while minimizing tissue trauma, reducing post-operative discomfort, and accelerating recovery.

The primary advantage of robotic-assisted hip surgery lies in its exceptional accuracy and precision, enabling personalized treatment tailored to each patient’s specific anatomy and condition. With the advanced visualization and dexterity offered by the robotic system, surgeons can navigate the intricate structures of the hip joint with increased ease and confidence, ensuring optimal placement and alignment of implants for improved functionality and durability. Furthermore, the minimally invasive nature of robotic-assisted surgery results in smaller incisions, less blood loss, and quicker rehabilitation, empowering patients to regain mobility and resume their active lifestyles with heightened assurance and comfort.

Indications for Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

Robotic hip replacement may be performed for:

• Moderate-to-severe arthritis
• Certain types of hip fractures
• Hip osteonecrosis (bone death due to inadequate blood supply)
• Loss of mobility
• Debilitating hip pain

Contraindications of Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

You may be ineligible for the procedure if you have:

• Osteoporosis, which increases the brittleness of the bones
• Hip joint infection

Preparation for Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

• Before surgery, your doctor will perform a complete physical examination to make sure you don’t have any conditions that could negatively affect the surgical outcome. 
• While there are no specific weight restrictions, obese patients have a higher risk of implant failure as well as medical complications and are encouraged to lose weight in preparation for the procedure. 
• Routine tests, such as blood tests and X-rays, are usually performed a week before the surgery.
• Discuss any allergies that you might have and medications you are taking with your doctor to see which ones you should stop taking before surgery.
• Prior to the surgery, a CT scan of the hip joint will be taken to create a 3D model of the hip which will be fed into the robotic system to create a detailed preoperative surgical plan.

Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery Procedure

• The robotic system consists of mechanical arms and camera arms attached to the surgical instruments. The surgeon remains close to the operating table at the computer console controlling the arms of the robotic system while viewing 3-D images of the surgical site through the console.
• Surgery is performed under general or local anesthesia
• Use of robotic technology enables the surgery to be performed through small incisions.
• Based on the pre-operative surgical plan, the robotic system guides the surgeon while making cuts in the bone and preparing the surgical site for the implant.
• The robotic system ensures a stable environment as well as precise positioning and alignment of implant components to avoid damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
• The implant is tested for a range of motion and the soft tissues and skin are closed over the new hip with sutures.

Postoperative Care after Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

The general postoperative care instructions are as follows:

• Take pain relieving and other medications as advised. Pain relieving medication should be taken with food. After the first 48 hours of surgery, take the pain medication only when needed.
• Use ice packs to control swelling. However, make sure that the ice bag does not leak into the dressing. Ice packs can be used liberally for the first 48 hours and even later if required.
• Keep the dressing clean and dry to promote wound healing.
• Try to begin physical therapy a day or two after the surgery. Exercises in the first week are usually aimed at regaining joint motion. Strengthening exercises are initiated later. Regular exercises are critical for a successful outcome. 

Risks Associated with Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

As with any surgical procedure, the risks and complications include:

• Infection
• Bleeding 
• Delayed healing 
• Failure to heal
• Formation of blood clots

Benefits of Robotic Assisted Hip Surgery

The benefits of robotic assisted hip surgery include:

• Small surgical incisions and postsurgical scar
• The robotic arm prevents cutting instruments from moving out of the safe zone
• Increased accuracy of bone cuts
• Precise placement of the implant
• Less bleeding
• Fast healing after surgery
• No damage caused to tissue surrounding the joint
• Restores normal function